While on duty with the uniformed services, the agency carries the employee on leave without pay unless the employee requests separation. A separation under these circumstances does not affect restoration rights.
Under 5 U.S.C. 5538, agencies must make up the difference in pay between regular pay for their employees and the typically lower military pay they receive when on active duty as activated Reservists or National Guard members.
Each fiscal year, employees under permanent appointment are entitled to 15 calendar days of military leave, with pay, to perform active duty as a member of a Reserve component.
Part-time employees are entitled to military leave pro-rated according to the tour of duty, for example, an employee who works 20 hours a week earns seven days of military leave.